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(No Model.) 2 heets-Sheet 1 W. H. HAYNES.

TRUS S SUSPENSION BRIDGE.

No. 360,347. Patented Mar. 29, 1887.

\xfi fr essas (No Model.) 2 SheetsSheet 2. W. H. HAYNES.

TRUSS SUSPENSION BRIDGE.

No. 360,347. I Patented Mar. 29, 1887 iJNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

\VARREX II. HAYNES, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR OF ONE- I'IALF TO DENNIS M. CLIFFORD, OF SAME PLACE.

TRUSS SUSPENSION-BRIDGE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 360,347, dated March 29, 1887.

Application filed November 15, 1384. Renewed March 1857.

T 0 [LZZ whom it may concern:

' Be it known that I, WARREN H. HAYNES, a citizen of the United States of America, residing at Boston, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Suspension- Bridges, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

This invention has for its object the con struction of a very light,cheap,and yet strong and safe truss suspension-bridge, which will span an unusually long distance without the aid of intervening supports, and without guys, cables, towers,oranohorage, and which bridge may be constructedwith one or more draws, as hereinafter fully described.

In the drawings, Figure 1 isa side elevation of my improved bridge with a draw. Fig. 2 is a top view. Fig. 3 is an end elevation. Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of one of the sides of the bridge, showing the manner of interlacing the wires and attaching the bottom supports. Fig. 5 is a vertical section on line A B of Fig. 4. Fig. 6 is a section on line C D of Fig. 4. Fig. 7 is a section on line E F of Fig. 4. Fig. 8 shows a modification of the construction-of the frame-work of the bridge; and Fig. 9 is a longitudinal vertical section, showing a flat wall of one of the abutments with the latticework attached.

My improved bridge is rectangular in crosssection, having its bottom, top, and sides, and also its partition walls, all similarly constructed of the horizontal wires a, the frames Z), the pipes or rods 0, the diagonal wires (1, and binders c. Any required number of these wires, frames, and rods may be employed, and they may be placed any required distances apart to obtain the requisite strength of the bridge. I

The frames b, which are placed at equal distances apart, may be made of sheet metal or wood, as shown in Fig. 5, or they may be made of cast-iron, as shown in Fig. 8, and they are provided with notches Z) on their edges to receive the horizontal and diagonal wires, and

with central perforations at all required poi msto receive the pipes or rods 0.

The-wires a are placed in the notches b on each edge of the frames 1), and the pipes c are Serial No. 229,837. (No model.)

extended through perforations in the frames at the top and bottom of the bridge, and the outer ends of these wires and rods of the main portion of the bridge are securely fastened,by any suitable devices,to the walls 0 of the abut mcnts I I. The inner ends of these wires and rods are properly secured to the frame-work forming the opening for the draw of the bridge.

The diagonal wires (1 are placed in the notches b on each edge of the frames, and the ends of these wires on the opposite sides of the network are twisted together, as shown at a in Fig. 4, so as to draw these wires taut and aid in firmly bracing the structure. This double latticework being placed on both sides of the frames, as described, and shown in Figs. 5, 6, and 7, are firmly secured together by means of the binders e, which, as shown in the drawings, consist of wires placed between each of the frames around the double latticework and twisted together, as shown at e, between each intersection of the wires, thus drawing toward each otherthe latticework on the opposite sides of the frames and binding the double net-work securely together.-

It is evident that any other suitable devices may be employed instead of the wires e for clamping and binding the net-work together.

In constructing my bridge without a draw, the net-work of the bottom and sides, as well as the top,extends unbroken the whole length of the bridge. In constructing the bridge for the draws, as shown by ff in Fig. 1 of the drawings, the requisite opening is formed in the net-worl-z of the bottom ancl'sides, and the inner ends of the wires and rods are properly secured to the frames at each side of the drawopenin The central portion of the drawbridge is supported by the upper portion, g, which is formed by extending the same network of frames and wires the requisite height and length above and beyond the draws to secure the required strength, as shown in Fig. 1 of the drawings. 7

It is evident that my bridge may be constructed with an arch sufficient to allow vessels to pass under it without a draw.

The bridge is provided with floors h, resting 011 the supports 1; i, supported by the pipes 0, extended under or through perforations in the supports. My bridge may be constructed with any required number of passage-ways. The drawings show abridge having eight passagewaysfourbelow and four abovethe two outside passage-ways, above and below, being for footmen, and two of the others being for carriageways and the other two for cars.

The abutments of my bridge must be con structed of materials of sufficient size and strength to endure all the weight and strain produced upon them by the weight of the bridge and any weight that the bridge may be required to sustain, and these abutments must be constructed with as many openings or apartments leading to the bridge as there are passage-ways through the bridge, and each of these openings must be formed by four flat walls, 0, corresponding in width, respectively, with the width of the bottom, sides, and top of the passage-way to which the opening leads; and these fiat walls must be of sufficient length to allow all the rods and wires forming the net-work of the bottom, sides, and top of the passage-way to be firmly secured to the walls, as shown in Fig. 9 of the drawings.

The bottom and top of my bridge are constructed of the lattice-work, the same as that of the sides, as set forth, for the purpose of increasing the supporting strength of the bridge, and particularly its lateral strength, to enable it to resist the force of strong winds.

The double lattice-work constructed sub. stantially as set forth may be used as a truss to support the roofs of large buildings or the coverings of large areas, and to support ele-' vated railway-tracks, and they may be used.

in the construction of high towers and monuments.

. I do not wish to confine myselfto the use of wires alone, as I may use small, thin, flat iron, or other metal, or long, thin, and light strips of wood, in which case I bind the double lat nice-work at their intersections by means of bolts, which are surrounded by wood or metal tubes between the lattice-work on the opposite sides of the frame I); or I may use dowels varying from one-fourth of an inch to an inchin diameter. This would necessitate the frames 1) being perforated with holes to receix e said dowels; or I may use any flexible, fibrous, or textile material.

The horizontal and diagonal wires may be formed of single, double, or any number of separate wires, if so desired, and said diagonal wires may be placed at any angle.

A bridge constructed as herein set forth is very firm and is not liable to sag or to be swayed laterally, and its supporting-strength may be increased to any required extent by increasing the height or the number of the sides, which will not appreciably increase the weight upon the bridge between the abutments, the entire weight being distributed to all the different wires and conveyed to and supported by the abutments. Such a bridge may be made comparatively very light and cheap, and yet with all the required supporting-strength; and by its peculiar construction a suspension-bridge may be made with a draw, thus enabling it to be placed on a level with the banks of the river or other water or space which it may be made to span, and being self-supporting it may be constructed to span much greater distances than the bridges heretofore made.

\Vhat I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is Y '1. In a truss suspension-bridge, the combination, with the abutments I, of the frames 1), having the notches b, the horizontal wires a, and diagonal wires d, placed in the notches on both edges of the frames, the rods or pipes 0, extended through perforations of the frames, and the binders e, all securely fastened and bound together, substantially as and for the purposes described.

2. A truss suspension-bridge constructed of double lattice-work and having a recess for a draw and having the portion 9 above the draw formed of double lattice-work similar to the construction of the main portion of the bridge, substantially as and for the purposes described.

3. A truss suspension-bridge having its bottom, sides, and top formed alike of the horizontal wires a, the frames Z), pipes or rods a, diagonal wires d, and binders 6, arranged and combined substantially as and for the purposes described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

\VARREN II. HAYNES. \Vitnesses:

A. LOCKHART,

W. E. STEARNS. 

